Everything about Peter Safar totally explained
Peter Safar (born
April 12,
1924 in
Vienna; died
August 2,
2003 in
Mount Lebanon,
Pennsylvania) was an
Austrian physician of
Czech descent. He is credited with pioneering
cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Early life
Safar graduated from the
University of Vienna in 1948. He married Eva Kyzivat and moved from Vienna to
Hartford,
Connecticut in 1949 for surgical training at
Yale University. He completed training in
anesthesiology at the
University of Pennsylvania in 1952. That same year, he worked in
Lima,
Peru and founded that country's first academic anesthesiology department. In 1954, he became Chief of Anesthesiology at
Baltimore City Hospital.
CPR
Together with
James Elam, he rediscovered the airway, head tilt, chin lift (Step A) and the mouth-to-mouth breathing (Step B) components of
CPR and influenced
Norwegian doll maker Asmund Laerdal of
Laerdal company to design and manufacture
mannequins for CPR training called
Resusci Anne. Safar, who began to work on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in
1956 demonstrated in a series of experiments on
paralyzed human volunteers that rescuer exhaled air
mouth-to-mouth breathing could maintain satisfactory oxygen levels in the non-breathing victim, and showed that even lay people could effectively perform mouth-to-mouth breathing to save lives. He combined the A (Airway) and the B (Breathing) of CPR with the C (chest compressions), and wrote the book
ABC of Resuscitation in
1957, which established the basis for mass training of CPR. This A-B-C system for CPR training of the public was later adopted by the
American Heart Association, which promulgated standards for CPR in [1973].
Other Achievements
Other achievements included the establishment of the
United States' first
intensive care unit in
1958. In 1961, he went to the
University of Pittsburgh, where he established its notable academic anesthesiology department and the world's first intensive care medicine training program. In 1966, he was deeply moved by the death of his daughter, Elizabeth, at the age of 11 from an acute
asthmatic crisis. He initiated the Freedom House Enterprise Ambulance Service, one of the first prehospital emergency medical services in the United States in
1967 and developed standards for
emergency medical technician (EMT) education and training, as well as standards for mobile intensive care ambulance design and equipment. He co-founded the
World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine in
1976, which is dedicated to saving lives in major disasters. He stepped down from the chairmanship of anesthesiology at the University of Pittsburgh and founded the International Resuscitation Research Center (now the
Safar Center for Resuscitation Research) in
1979. He practiced and taught clinical anesthesiology at Presbyterian University Hospital in Pittsburgh until the age of 65, but continued his research activities until his death. His life long goal was to "save the hearts and brains of those too young to die."
He was nominated three times for the
Nobel prize in medicine.
Further Information
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